How to analyze a narrative text?
Analyzing The Little Prince.
What is a narrative text?
A narrative text is one that includes an account of events that take place or have taken place over an estimated period of time and space. It usually includes the participation of various characters. In addition, this text can be both real and imaginary.
💓Elements of the narrative text:
👄Narrator: A character created by the author who has the mission of telling the story, there are three types of narrators.
First person The protagonist of the work telling his or her own story,
Second person Creates the impression that he/she is narrating the work;
Third person or Omniscient narrator tells everything without being present in the story, he/she knows everything about the characters, even their feelings and emotions.
👱Caracters: These are the elements of the narrative that perform the actions narrated by the narrator.
Main characters are those who stand out the most, they can be one or several,
Secondary can be the antagonist who is the one who opposes the hero, and;
Fugacious that appear occasionally.
💣Time: They are divided into internal or external.
Internal is the time in which the narrative is set, it can be explicit or deduced by the environment, and;
External is the time that the events narrated in the story last, it can be a lifetime or several days.
Space It is the physical framework where people and geographical environments are located.
Introduction Where the story or situation is presented,
Knot where the initial conflict is presented,
Climax is the hook or the main point of the story, and;
Denouement is the resolution of the conflict that was raised in the introduction or the approach developed before in the knot.
💙How to analyze a narrative text?
v Biographical data It is the author's history,
v Characteristics of the text
It is the origin of the text and the objective it has, whether to entertain or inform,
v Structure of the work It is the origin of the text and the objective it has, whether to entertain or inform,
v Type of narrator is in the first, second or third person as mentioned above, and;
v Reality if it will be a fantasy or a true story.
THE LITTLE PRINCIPLE
Antoine Saint-Exupéry
"Old people can never understand anything on their own and it is very boring for children to have to give them explanations over and over again."
-Antoine de Saint- Exupéry.
👍Biographical Data
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry was born in Lyon France on June 29, 1900 and died in the city of Consuelo on July 31, 1944, he was orphaned by his father and grew up in the city of Leon in a feminine environment, since he was very young he showed interest in aviation and learned the trade when he served in the military, He also joined the squadron of pilots that covered the sections of the line that transported the mail between Toulouse, Barcelona, Malaga, Tetuan, Sahara, to the former French colonies, in what would become Senegal. In Buenos Aires he met his wife, the Salvadorian millionaire Consuelo Suncin, he dedicated himself to journalism and writing, he wrote several articles on humanism and collected them in Terre des Hommes. She died in a plane crash.
Humanism is a polysemous concept applied to the study of humanities, classical studies and Greco-Roman philology.
👸Characteristics of the text
It has French origin, but was written in Manhattan and Long Island, it was written to discover the shortcomings of adults from the eyes of a child, when the author's personal life was marked by the defeat of the Second World War.
📕Structure of the work
It has twenty-seven chapters, plus the epilogue or a final chapter.
👄Type of narrator
In this story it has second and third person narrators, in second person because it tells the life of the protagonist and in third person because it tells the story from the outside.
🕖Reality
It is a fantastic story that deals with real issues such as love, friendship, human relationships, loneliness and existentialism itself, reflected in the little prince himself and in the other characters.
Setting (Time and space of the work)
It takes place in the Sahara desert and several planets visited by the little prince; the events of the play take place during 1 week.
👸Main, secondary and fleeting characters
(From the main character to the fleeting ones)
👑Little prince: He represents the innocence of children, but he is an almost adult young man, who feels that he leads a lonely life.
-You talk like old people; -You confuse everything...! You mix everything up...!
✈Aviator: It is the conscience of adults, as he grows older he loses his imagination, his encounter with the little prince brings him back to his childhood innocence.
Ah, my little friend, how I have slowly come to understand your melancholy life! For a long time your only distraction was to observe the sweetness of the sunsets.
sunsets.
🐾The fox: With him, the little prince learns about human relationships, love and friendship.
“If you domesticate me, then we will need each other. You will be for me the only one in the world, I will be for you the only one in the world..."
🌹The rose: it is the one that makes the little prince leave his planet with the learns of love and patience.
«I love you» – said the little prince
"I love you too" - replied the rose.
"It's not the same thing" - refuted the little boy
🐍The snake: He could be considered as the antagonist, with him loneliness appears for the first time and kills the little prince to return him to his planet.
–The one I touch, I make him return to the earth where he came from....
But you are pure and come from a star?
–…I feel sorry for you, so weak on this granite earth....
If someday you get to miss your planet, I can help you.
help you. I can....
📦The box: Represents the imagination, the aviator draws it as an attempt to calm the little prince.
This is the box. The lamb you want is inside.
🐑The lamb: It will help the little prince with his task of uprooting the baobabs and it is the one who will save the little prince from his loneliness.
–He is too old. I want a lamb that will live a long time.
🌳The Baobabs: They are very small trees that grow on the planet of the little prince and represent the problems of life.
Then the Baobabs are also eaten; -The baobabs begin by being very small.
💊The pill merchant: He is found by the Little Prince in chapter XXIII, he sells pills that take away "the desire to drink", thus gaining time to use it for whatever one wishes. His appearance can be interpreted as a reflection on how fast the world is moving.
–Why are you selling that? -asked the little prince.
-Because it saves a lot of time. The calculations made
by the experts proved that it saves fifty-three minutes a week.
three minutes per week.
These are fleeting characters that appear when the little prince travels to many planets, each one representing adults and different themes such as:
👑The king: He represents authority and decisiveness.
If I order... -he said- if I order a general to transform himself into a seabird
into a seabird and the general did not obey me, the fault would not be
the general's fault, but mine.
💇The vain: Desire for recognition and embodiment of selfishness.
👿Serious man: It represents greed and those adults who only have time to work.
The businessman warned that he would not be allowed to go on
in peace and replied more grumpily:
-Millions of those little things you sometimes see in the
sky.
💈Lamplighter: It is loyalty and respect, this adult does not differ from the others, and shows us how doing what one should can take away the possibility of doing what one really wants.
-There is nothing to understand," said the farolero. The slogan is the slogan. Good morning.
⛺Geographer: He seems to be the most rational character and is the wisest, but he lacks curiosity.
-But you are a geographer!
-Exactly! -Said the geographer, "but I am not a
explorer, nor do I have explorers to inform me. The
geographer can't be going back and forth counting cities, rivers, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains, mountains.
cities, rivers, mountains, oceans and deserts.
🍸The alcoholic: It is a vicious circle from which one cannot get out, as well as melancholy and depression.
-I drink! -replied the drinker with a somber air.
-Why do you drink? -asked the little prince again.
-To forget.
-To forget what? -inquired the little prince feeling
sympathy.
-To forget that I am ashamed," confessed the drinker, bowing his head.
and bowed his head.
-Ashamed of what? -asked the little prince again, eager to help him.
eager to help him.
-Ashamed of drinking!
👦THE LITTLE PRINCE: It takes place in the Sahara desert, the story is narrated by the aviator. The book focuses on adults, we can check it with the phrase "Old people are unable to understand something by themselves and it is very annoying for children to give them explanations over and over again"; said by the aviator who since childhood was disillusioned with the attitude of big people, time passes and as an adult he breaks down to his plane on a trip through the Sahara, there he meets a little man who looks and acts like a child (the little prince), begins his friendship and tells him his experiences in the course of his trip. The little prince meets several characters, but among them stand out the fox, the rose and the snake; with whom he learns about love, friendship, loneliness and human relationships in general. At the end, the little prince and the aviator say goodbye and take different paths.
Curiosities about the author and the work
Ø 👉The author comes from the asteroid B612.
Ø 👉It is the most translated French book (+250 languages and dialects, including Braille) and also the most widely read.
Ø 👉It has sold more than 140 million copies worldwide.
Ø 👉It is considered one of the best books of the 20th century in its country of origin, France.
Ø 👉There are more than 200 different covers of the book.
Ø The original manuscript is in the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York.
Symbolism present in the characters
The characters, above all, are a clear example of this. Thus, the Pilot would represent the writer himself; the Rose, his most precious object, would undoubtedly be his wife Consuelo; the Fox, who accompanies the Little Prince on his journey, is inspired by a desert fox; the Little Prince could represent a younger Saint-Exupéry or perhaps the son of the aviator Charles Lindbergh, who lived near the writer; the Baobabs, those trees that destroy planets only with their roots, are a clear drawing of Nazism and its attempt to dominate the entire planet under this ideology.
You can download the book for free at:
😺 Spanish:
😽 English:
References
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[1]
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S. Romero, «Muy interesante,» [En línea]. Available: https://www.muyinteresante.es/cultura/arte-cultura/fotos/curiosidades-sobre-el-principito/problemas-de-publicacion.
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